Famous Masons

Presidents: George Washington, James Monroe, Andrew Jackson, James Polk, James Buchanan, Andrew Johnson, James Garfield, William McKinley,Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, Warren G. Harding, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Harry S. Truman, Lyndon B. Johnson (EA), Gerald R. Ford

From the American Revolution: (other than Presidents): Benjamin Franklin, John Hancock, Paul Revere, John Paul Jones, LaFayette, Rufus King, James Otis, Baron von Steuben, Joseph Warren, Benedict Arnold (well, you can’t win them all)

Political Leaders: Winston Churchill, Simon Bolivar, Edmund Burke,Benito Juarez, Edward VII, George VI, Bernardo O’Higgins, José de San Martin, Francisco de Paula Santander, José Rizal, José Marti, Pandit Nehru, Lajos Kossuth, Jonas Furrer, Guiseppe Mazzini, Eduard Benes, Sir John A. MacDonald, Aaron Burr, George McGovern, Barry Goldwater, Estes Kefauver, Adlai Stevenson (not the governor of Illinois, but his father who was Vice President in 1892), Thomas E. Dewey, Alf Landon, Hubert H. Humphrey, Wendell Wilke, W.E.B. DuBois, William Jennings Bryant

Military Leaders: Omar Bradley, John J. Pershing, Douglas McArthur, General Winfield Scott, Captain Eddie Rickenbacker, Jimmy Doolittle, General Mark Clark, General George C. Marshall

Republic of Texas: Sam Houston, Lorenzo de Zavala, Stephen Austin, Davy Crockett, Jim Bowie, William B. Travis (and, it should be added, General Santa Anna)

Fine Arts: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (and his father, Leopold), Ludwig von Beethoven, Jean Sibelius, Franz Liszt, Josef Haydn, Irving Berlin, Gutzon Borglum, Charles W. Peale, Alfons M. Mucha, John Philip Sousa, both Gilbert & Sullivan, George Gershwin, George M. Cohen, Count Basie, Roy Clark, Thomas S. Ausbrook, Nat King Cole, Giacomo Meyerbeer, Signmund Romberg

Actors: John Wayne, Red Skelton, Clark Gable, W.C. Fields, Will Rogers, Burl Ives, Roy Rogers, Danny Thomas, Ernest Borgnine, Oliver Hardy, Tom Mix, Audie Murphy, Gene Autry, Wallace Beery, Eddie Cantor

Industry and Labor: Henry Ford, Samuel Gompers, Walter P. Chrysler, John Wanamaker, S.S. Kresge, J.C. Penney, John Jacob Astor, John L. Lewis

Adventurers: Lewis & Clark, Charles A. Lindberg, Kit Carson, Roald Amundsen, Adm. Richard Byrd, Commodore Robert Peary

Philosophers: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Gotthold E. Lessing, Voltaire (Francois Marie Arouet)

Athletes: Bob Feller, Tris Speaker, Ty Cobb, Paul “Dizzy” Trout, Harry Carey, Dell Rice, Jimmy Fox, Joe Tinker (of “Tinker to Evers to Chance”), Jack Dempsey, Arnold Palmer, Jack Arthur Johnson

Astronauts: Edwin E. “Buzz” Aldrin, Jr., Leroy Gordon Cooper, Donn F. Eisele, Virgil I. Grissom, Edgar D. Mitchell, Walter M. Schirra, Jr., Thomas P. Stafford, Paul J. Weitz, James B. Irwin, John Glenn.

Writers: Samuel Clemens (Mark Twain), Sir Walter Scott, Rudyard Kipling, Robert Burns, Wassily I. Maikow, Heinrich Heine, Jean P.C. de Florian, Leopoldo Lugoner, Antonio de Castro Alves, James Boswell, Alexander Pushkin, Arthur Conan Doyle, Johnathon Swift, Oscar Wilde

Law: John Marshall, Earl Warren, Thurgood Marshall

Medicine: Drs. Alexander Fleming, Jules Bordet, Antoine DePage, Edward Jenner, Charles and William Mayo, Karl and William Menninger

Science: Hans C. Orsted, Jons Jakob Frk. von Berzelius, Alfred Edmund Brehm, Luther Burbank, Johan Ernst Gunnerus, Albert Abraham Michelson, Gaspard Monge, C.F.S. Hahnemann, Pedro N. Arata, Alexandre Gustave Eiffel, Alexander Fleming, James Smithson

…as well as Harry Houdini, Norman Vincent Peale, David Sarnoff, Thomas J. Watson, Giuseppe Garibaldi, Cecil J. Rhodes, Marvin Zindler, Malcomb Eugene Dugger, and many, many more.

Mason FAQs

1. Is there a conflict between Freemasonry and established religion?
There is nothing in Freemasonry that conflicts with most religions. However, Freemasonry does insist on religious tolerance. To the extent that certain religious groups would wish to suppress other religions or persecute their followers, Freemasons would be in opposition to such activities, and adherents of such groups would be both uncomfortable and unwelcome in Masonry. It is also the case that certain religious groups are misinformed about Freemasonry and believe things about the Fraternity that are not true; basing their opinions on this false information, they then formulate opinions that create conflict.

2. Is Freemasonry a cult?
That depends on what is meant by the word “cult.” By some definitions golfing, bowling, and surfing the Internet are cults. But in the usual use of the term, referring to a group that separates itself from society and its members from their non-member friends, demands slavish obedience from its adherents, engages in brainwashing techniques, confiscates their resources, and sees itself in opposition to established society, absolutely not!

Quite the opposite, in fact: Masonry does not recruit members, does not compel attendance at any of its meetings, charges modest dues and fees (some little changed from sixty years ago, when the dollar was worth a lot more), encourages community service and participation in civic and religious organizations, and allows any member to quit (demit) at any time (providing he has no outstanding financial obligations; otherwise, he is liable to be suspended, but in either case, he would no longer be a member). It is easier to get out of Masonry than it is to get into it!

3. Can women be Freemasons?
Freemasonry is a “fraternity” in every true sense of the word, and, as such, only admits men. However, there are many organizations that have close Masonic ties which are open to women. A Freemason, Rob Morris, who wanted the men of the fraternity to be able to share some of their activity with their wives established the Order of the Eastern Star, where men and women can attend together. In fact, in this order, the chief officer is the Worthy Matron. Other co-masonic bodies exclusively for women exist as well, but most do not enjoy recognition by most Masonic bodies.

4. Is Freemasonry a charity?
No. Masonic principles teach the value of relief – or charity – and Freemasons give more than $2 million a day, of which more than 70% of these donations support the general public.

Among their works are the Shriners Hospitals for Children with 22 sites throughout North America, including a burn center in Galveston and an orthopedic facility in Houston; the Scottish Rite Hospital in Dallas; the Masonic Children & Family Services program. There are numerous other worthy causes and groups that local Lodges contribute to and help in their communities.

5. Is Masonry a Religion?
Masonry is not a religion. But it is one of the few platforms where men of all faiths – Christians, including Catholics, Jews, Muslims, and men of every other faith – can come together because it is open to all men who believe in a Supreme Being; but religion is not discussed at Masonic meetings. Although Lodges open and close with a prayer and Masonry teaches morality, it is not a church or a religion. Masonry does not have a theology or dogma, it does not offer sacraments, and it does not offer the promise of salvation.

6. What is Masonic “ritual?”
The nature of Masonic ritual is both complex and beautiful. “Ritual” is a formal ceremony of initiation which recites certain tenets and truths that have been passed down for generations – mostly from mouth to ear. This “Ritual” takes the form of lectures and theater in the Lodge, and is used to teach new Masons the value of true friendship, the benefits of knowledge, and the necessity of helping those in need.

It speaks to the power and impact our ritual has on men’s hearts and minds because it has stood the test of time for more than 300 years. Although our world has changed dramatically during that time, our ritual is virtually the same.

Not everyone will want to learn the ancient ritual – as it takes great time and study – but those Masons who chose to learn it are rewarded with the satisfaction of upholding a great tradition and helping their fellow brothers further their Masonic understanding.

7. What’s with the secret handshakes, ritual, and passwords?
Freemasonry, often called the “Craft” by its members, is founded on metaphors of architecture. Following the practice of the ancient stonemason guilds, Freemasons use special handshakes, words, and symbols to not only to identify each other, but to help, as William Preston said in 1772, “imprint upon the memory wise and serious truths.”

Although every Freemason takes an obligation – and vows to keep the secrets of Masonry – it doesn’t matter to him that you can find the secrets in print; what matters is that he keeps his promise. And the secrets he is protecting are only used to help Masons become better men; and there’s certainly no secret surrounding what it takes to be good and true.

8. Is Masonry a secret society?
No. It is sometimes said that Freemasonry is a “Society with secrets, not a secret society.” In point of fact, however, any purported Masonic “secrets” were made public several centuries ago in London newspapers, and today can be found in the Library of Congress, on the Internet, and in many books on the subject. As Benjamin Franklin once said, “The great secret of Freemasonry is that there is no secret at all.”

9. What are the benefits of becoming a Mason?
There are numerous benefits to being a Mason, but they tend to be personal and they are also quite varied. And they can only be truly discovered by becoming a member. But to try and give you an idea: without question the opportunity to experience camaraderie and fellowship with a group of men across the boundaries of age, race, religion, culture, and opinion is a fundamental to the Fraternity; many find great value and knowledge in our ritual ceremony that uses symbolism and metaphors to encourage and remind us to appreciate principles, ethics, and morality, and to live our lives accordingly; others find great satisfaction in our charitable efforts, community service, and the support we provide our members and their families; finally, for those who take on leadership positions within their lodge, they develop or further very practical management skills.

10. Why is there so much interest in Masonry today?
Over the last four centuries, Freemasonry seems to have flourished during times of great enlightenment and change. It is no coincidence that Freemasonry rose to prominence during the Age of Enlightenment in both Europe and America – when a new generation believed it could discover ways to gain personal improvement, bring order to society, and understand the whole universe. This statement is perhaps even stronger today than it was in the 18th century.

Today, men seek out Masonry for the same reasons – to better themselves and improve society in the company of like-minded Brothers. As we learn more about how our physical world works, there’s also new interest in those things we don’t understand – especially things bound around tradition or that have a more mystical nature. Also, books like The Da Vinci Code and movies like “National Treasure” have brought up both new interest and renewed speculation about the nature of the Fraternity. Though these books and movies are a product more of a vivid imagination than fact, the real history of Masonry is perhaps the best story of all – one learned only by Asking – and becoming a Freemason.

11. Where did Freemasonry come from?
Part of the mystique of Freemasonry can be attributed to speculation about its roots. Over the years, historians have never been able to conclusively determine exactly when, where, how, and why Freemasonry was born.

The order is thought to have arisen from the English and Scottish guilds of practicing stonemasons and cathedral builders in the Middle Ages. Certain Masonic documents actually trace the sciences of geometry and masonry to the time of ancient Egypt, and some historians say that Masonry has its real roots in antiquity.

The formation of the first Grand Lodge in London in 1717 marks the beginning of the Modern (or “Speculative”) era of Freemasonry, when members were no longer limited to actual working stonemasons. These “Accepted” Masons adopted more enlightened philosophies, and turned what was a tradesmen’s organization into a fraternity for moral edification, intellectual recitation, benevolent service, and gentlemanly socialization.

12. What are the time and/or financial commitments of being a Mason?
Becoming a Mason takes several months from the time you complete your petition until you have finished your degrees. Until you begin taking your degrees though, very little is asked of you. Once the degree work begins you will need to attend your lodge’s monthly meeting. There is also one additional meeting per month called the “Lodge of Instruction,” where you will receive further explanation about the degree you just experienced. There is also some side work that you will need to complete that amounts to a little bit of homework. Every member of the Fraternity has gone through this process and your lodge will assign a Brother to help you.

Once you have completed your three degrees, we expect our members to attend their lodge’s “Stated Communication,” or monthly meeting. Sometimes there will be a special meeting on a second night in a month. Beyond that, there are other activities going on: community service, family and social outings, etc. that take place throughout the year. We hope our members will participate in the events that their time and interest allows. Like many things, you get out of Freemasonry what you choose to put into it; although we also recognize and understand the need for a balance between your family, work or school, and other interests and commitments.

13. What if I don’t know a Mason who can recommend me?
It is quite possible you know a Mason but you just don’t realize it. If your father, uncles, or grandfathers aren’t Masons, they probably know someone who is. You might also want to ask around your workplace or school, church, or gym – anywhere that you find a group of men, you might find a Mason. Although Masons tend to be very proud of their association with the Fraternity, they are often uncomfortable talking about it. It is particularly difficult for them to speak with their friends or family members because they don’t want to push Masonry on them. They might very well be looking forward to the opportunity to speak with you; more importantly, they would be honored to sponsor you for membership.

If you don’t know anyone who is a Mason and you are a complete stranger to all of the members of the lodge, you are going to want to take some time getting to know them. But they are going to want to take some time getting to know you, too. Once you are ready to Ask, a member of the lodge will sign your petition.

14. How do I become a Freemason?
It’s simple, really. 2B1 ASK1
Because Masons have not traditionally recruited members, and do not hold public meetings, there has long been confusion about how to join the Fraternity. Does someone ask you? Do you ask? But if you meet the requirements above, it is really quite simple:

Most men can become a Mason by simply asking – like George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, and most every Mason from the past to the present day. Each Lodge manages the membership process for its candidates. In general, men seek out a Lodge near their home or work, or they ask a Mason to recommend a Lodge to them. Once you’ve found a lodge you would like to join, let them know of your interest and they will provide you with a petition.

If you are unanimously elected by the members of a lodge, joining the Fraternity involves going through three “degrees”: Entered Apprentice, Fellow Craft, and Master Mason. Every man accepted into the Fraternity goes through the degrees, thereby making each an equal to the others in the lodge. Typically they are conferred during a lodge’s monthly meeting over the course of three months.

15. What are the requirements to become a Mason?
Anyone meeting the following primary requirements may petition a Texas Lodge for membership:

1. You are an adult male (18 or older) of good character and recommended by a Texas Mason.
2. You believe in a Supreme Being – no atheist or agnostic can become a Mason – but we are not concerned with theological distinctions or your particular religious beliefs.
3. You are interested in becoming a Mason because you hold a favorable opinion of our institution; and, your decision to apply is based on your own “free will and accord” – no one compelled you to join.

16. Where can I get more information about Freemasonry?
The best way to get information is to talk to a Mason – either in person or online. He will answer your questions and provide you with additional information; and, if you would like, find a convenient time to meet, introduce you to some other members, and tour their building. You may have some of the same questions as those below – so take a look at the FAQ’s. You can always contact us , and we’ll do our best to answer your questions.

What is Freemasonry?

There is no “official” definition of Freemasonry, and many masonic writers have given it different definitions. Similarly, there is no single “leader” of Freemasonry, now or in the past. Each state of the United States has its own Grand Lodge, and each Grand Lodge, headed by a Grand Master, is sovereign in its jurisdiction.

Most would agree that Freemasonry is an organization whose members are concerned with moral and spiritual values, self-improvement, and helping their communities with charitable endeavors. Masons (synonymous with Freemasons) take oaths to be good to their Brothers in Masonry, their families, and all people. They are taught that we are part of the brotherhood of man, under the fatherhood of God.

Some of the often-used definitions are that, “Freemasonry is an organization that takes good men and makes them better,” or that it is, “A system of morality, veiled in secrecy, and illustrated by symbols.” Its principal tenets are brotherly love, relief, and truth. Its goal is the universality of mankind, with all will act towards others as we want them to act towards us, and with faith in the social, eternal, and intellectual progress of mankind.

Masonry is also sometimes called a “great quest for light and knowledge” that deals with the “intellectual, moral, and spiritual values of life.” To achieve these goals, “freedom of thought, speech, and action belongs to every man.”

Freemasonry is open to men of any race or religion who believe in a Supreme Being and who are judged to be of good reputation and character. It is the inner qualities of men — their characters — that are important, not external characteristics or indications of wealth or poverty.

While it requires candidates to express a belief in a Supreme Being, Freemasonry is not a religion or a substitute for religion, and it has no theology, dogma, or path to salvation. Each Mason follows his own faith. Altars in masonic lodges are places where the charter of the lodge and the Bible are placed. In addition to the Bible, in lodges that include men who believe in a different holy book, their “Volume of the Sacred Law” is also placed on the altar.God is often referred to as the Great Architect of the Universe, to permit men of all religions to meet and pray in a spirit of toleration.

Tolerance is basic in Freemasonry. Masons are taught to respect the beliefs and opinions of all people. “Whenever you are an enemy of bigotry or intolerance, you live the teachings of Freemasonry.”

Freemasonry teaches lessons to members using the traditions and symbols of medieval stonemasons’ guilds, and follows many of their traditions in such things as the titles of officers: Grand Master, Grand Marshal, Chaplain, Grand Pursuivant, Worshipful Master, Senior and Junior Wardens, Deacons, Stewards, and others.
Being “initiated” into Freemasonry means receiving the three “degrees” of Entered Apprentice, Fellowcraft, and Master Mason. Degrees are short ritual dramas based on the building of King Solomon’s Temple. They teach Masons, using symbolism and allegories, “build” their characters just as stonemasons built King Solomon’s Temple.

Freemasonry embraces the basic idea of allowing every man to think for himself and to expand his knowledge. Thus, Masonic lodges have been a meeting place for men of open minds, Voltaire, Mozart, and many others. For this reason, too, Masons have been specifically condemned and sometimes imprisoned, or worse, by Hitler, Stalin, Mussolini, and Franco, and even today it is illegal to be a Mason in some countries where freedom does not prevail.

No one knows exactly when or how Freemasonry began, but its modern form of Grand Lodges and Lodges began in 1717 in London. That was the Age of Enlightenment, when individuals started to search for truth rather than accept what others told them to think. Many in the British colonies of North America quickly joined and promoted Freemasonry, because its principles were the same as theirs. Thus, Benjamin Franklin, George Washington, and other Founding Fathers of the United States were Masons, and the ideals of Masonry and those of the United States are similar: freedom of speech, religion, and thought. While these concepts are taken for granted now, they were considered revolutionary when Masonry became organized and throughout the 1700′s when it was spreading quickly and widely. Masonic lodges were one of the earliest modern experiments in people governing themselves through elections, and accepting majority rule while respecting the rights of minorities.

Contrary to popular opinion, Freemasonry is not a secret society. Its aims, principles, activities, and rules are open to the public and its members are at perfect liberty to tell anyone that they are Masons and what the “Fraternity” or “Craft” does. The only secrets are the exact details of the ritual of the degrees and the opening and closing of meetings, and even these secrets have been exposed in books since the beginning of Freemasonry. Still, good Masons will not disclose these secrets because they are taught that keeping some things secret is a sign of good character.

Also contrary to popular opinion, even that of some Masons, Freemasonry is not and never has been exclusively for men. From its beginnings, there were female Masons, and today there are thousands of women in Masonic lodges for women only, and for men and women together. However, in “traditional” Masonry, that which is usually referred to in the United States and which has millions of members here, Freemasonry is considered a male-only fraternity. Even in traditional Masonry, though, there are Masonic-related organizations for women, as well as for teenage men and women, such as the Order of the Eastern Star, the Order of DeMolay, and Rainbow Girls and Job’s Daughters.

Freemasonry also includes the “Scottish Rite,” the “York Rite,” the “Shrine,” and other groups whose membership is open only to Masons. Each of these organizations has its own history, rituals and rules, titles for officers, and charities. For example, the Scottish Rite confers degrees up to the 33rd degree, and the Shrine funds a network of hospitals that provide free care to millions of children and burn victims.

In some ways Freemasonry mirrors society, including racial attitudes. Prior to modern times, whites and African Americans usually did not associate together, and this was true in Freemasonry too. Therefore, African Americans formed their own Masonic Grand Lodges, Lodges, and other Masonic organizations, which today form “Prince Hall Masonry.” It is named for the founder, a man named Prince Hall, who became a Mason in 1775 and who received a charter from the Grand Lodge of England entitling him to charter other lodges. Prince Hall Masonry has developed into one of the most important groups in many African American communities, with members including Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall, Washington DC Mayor Anthony Williams, and many others prominent in society. Just as society has moved away from segregation, so has Freemasonry. Now, many “predominately white” Lodges have African American members, and many Prince Hall Lodges have white members, and in most states and countries the “predominately white” and Prince Hall Grand Lodges have officially “recognized” each other. Since neither group wishes to lose its long and proud history and traditions, both continue to exist but members visit each others’ Lodges, participate in joint activities, and enjoy the best spirit of cooperation.

Thus, Freemasonry is an organization that has a long and proud tradition, that is firmly grounded in important concepts including a belief in God, democracy, charity, toleration, liberty, and equality, not only for Masons but for all mankind.

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